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Oct 20, 1993
INTRODUCTION
MacMiNT is a port of MiNT from the Atari ST to the Macintosh. MiNT is
an enhanced version of the Atari OS TOS that supports many UNIX-like
features. Many free programs available on the net (GCC, tcsh, make,
etc.) have been ported to MiNT. MacMiNT can run nearly everything
that MiNT can. This software still has bugs though, so USE IT AT YOUR
OWN RISK!
I have run MacMiNT on Macs ranging from the Portable to the Quadra.
Please let me know if it doesn't work on your machine. It might run
on a Mac with 2M RAM, but it needs more like 8M if you want to run
programs like GCC. The default installation of MacMiNT requires about
12M of free disk space. After installation, MacMiNT takes up about 7M
of disk space. You will probably end up using a lot more disk space
when you start playing with other available programs.
MacMiNT is composed of 3 programs: 'MacMiNT', 'jet.prg' and
'mint.prg'. The 'MacMiNT' application loads 'jet.prg'. The file
'jet.prg' implements Just Enough TOS to support 'mint.prg'. The file
'mint.prg' is the real MiNT program which has been slightly modified
to work on the Macintosh.
The copyright, readme's, and documentation that came with the Atari
distribution are in the 'mint095' directory. Make sure you read and
abide by the copyright information. My additions to MiNT are neither
copyrighted nor documented. Because of the lack of documentation,
MacMiNT is mainly useful to people who have UNIX experience.
The MacMiNT distribution contains only the minimum files needed to get
started. Many other files will need to be retrieved over the net
before doing a complete installation. MacMiNT stuff can be found at
nic.switch.ch in /software/mac/src/macmint,
suniams1.statistik.tu-muenchen.de in /incoming/MacMiNT, and at
archive.cis.ohio-state.edu in /pub/mac-unix/macmint. Mac software can
be found at ftp.apple.com, sumex-aim.stanford.edu, and
mac.archive.umich.edu. Atari software can be found at
atari.archive.umich.edu. The Atari programs most likely to work under
MacMiNT can be found under atari/Mint and atari/Gnustuff/Tos.
The suniams1.statistik.tu-muenchen.de site is probably the most up
to date site for MacMiNT stuff.
The default installation is somewhat optional. If you are not sure
what you are going to do with MacMiNT, you should manually install
only the pieces that you want to play with. If you are sure you want
to develop programs using GCC, or you want to contribute to the
development of MacMiNT then you should do the full installation.
INSTALLATION
You should have extracted the contents of the distribution archive and
followed the instructions given there.
Get and install Macsbug. MacMiNT still crashes and Macsbug helps you
figure out why.
Get macgcc245b.zoo from a MacMiNT archive site and put it in your
'save' folder. The 'save' folder should contain archives of various
pieces of software that you might find useful. Initially it contains
archives of the source for MacMiNT and some of the programs that come
with MacMiNT. Most installation scripts expect to find the necessary
archives in the 'save' folder.
Get the following files from an Atari archive site and put them in
your 'save' folder:
Mint/Gcc
bgas138p4.zoo
mgutil36.zoo
bmake363.zoo
Mint/Lib
mntinc34.zoo
mntolb34.zoo
Mint/Utilities
mperl.zoo
Languages
slperl.zoo
Get the MPW 3.2 C Include files and put them into a folder called
'mpw' under your 'save' folder. They come with MPW C, they can be
ordered separately from APDA, and they are ftp-able from
ftp.apple.com. Be sure to read and abide by the copyright
restrictions on ftp.apple.com. Other versions of the C Include files
may cause problems.
Edit 'profile.sh' (and 'cshrc.csh'). Change the 'TZ' variable to
reflect your location (atleast change the 8 to the number of hours you
are different from GMT).
Launch MacMiNT and run the default setup script. This script removes
and then installs the 'usr', 'mac', and 'src' directories. If for
some reason, you already have files in these directories, then be sure
to move them somewhere else before running this script. This script
takes about 5 minutes on a Sun, 14 minutes on a Mac IIci with a 50MHz
68030, and longer than I want to wait on anything else. The good
thing is that it should only have to be run once.
# /bin/sh setup/default.sh
At this point you should be ready to explore MacMiNT.
I strongly recommend installing tcsh, elvis, less, find, grep, diff,
and patch.
# /bin/sh setup/optional.sh
HINTS
Files used by MacMiNT should be in DOS or UNIX format in most
circumstances (usually UNIX). Be sure to turn on automatic LF
conversion. Many programs will not work correctly if certain files
(i.e. 'mint.cnf') are not in the correct format.
Read what ever documentation you can find on GEMDOS and MiNT. Most of
the information should be true for MacMiNT.
MacMiNT uses traps 1, 13, 14 and also the TRACE exception vector. This
interferes with Macsbug. Break points, single stepping, and some
other Macsbug commands will not work properly when MacMiNT is active.
Macsbug features like examining memory, that do not rely on these
traps and exceptions, should work fine.
Starting with the command key down will cause MacMiNT to bring up a
command line to enter arguments to be passed to mint.
Starting with the control key down will cause MacMiNT to enter the
debugger, allowing break points to be set before mint gets started.
GDB doesn't work with MiNT 0.95. This version of MacMiNT is based on
MiNT 0.95, so GDB won't work. GDB does work under the MacMiNT I will
be distributing soon. Because of copyright changes, MacMiNT based
on more recent MiNT versions can only be distributed in source form.
The Mac filesystem is case insensitive, so commands like:
'mv makefile Makefile' will actually DELETE the file!
MiNT programs do not recognize the existence of the resource fork of
a file. Commands like 'cp Finder Finder.x' will only copy the data
fork. This is probably not what you would expect. Also, symbolic
links contain information in the resource fork, so they cannot be
copied either.
Questions should be sent to the alt.mac.os@tazboy.jpl.nasa.gov mailing
list. The alt.mac.os mailing list is for the discussion of alternate
operating systems for the macintosh. This list should be a good place
to discuss MacMiNT and other OS's like MacMach, MacLinux, MacBSD and
MacMINIX. Questions can also be sent to me directly at
brad@tazboy.jpl.nasa.gov, but I would really appreciate it if you
would try the mailing list first, so I don't get bogged down with
"getting started" questions. I will usually add your name to the
mailing list if you send me a question about MacMiNT. If I am too
busy to answer the question, I will pass it along to the mailing list.
If you wish to be added to or taken off the mailing list, let me know.
You might also want to subscribe to comp.sys.atari.tech.
CONCLUSION
The source code is there for you to examine, fix, and enhance. Please
send me any changes you feel should be put in my distribution. Please
let me know if there is any other information that should be in this
README. I welcome suggestions on anything about MacMiNT but I make no
guarantees. If you have something MacMiNT related that you would like
to share, contact Rainer Menes <menes@statistik.tu-muenchen.de> to see
if it should be put in the 'contrib' directory on
suniams1.statistik.tu-muenchen.de.
I really don't know how long I will continue to work on MacMiNT,
probably until it gets boring to me. I will almost certainly develop
it until it is capable of reliably developing Mac programs using GCC.
This should be long enough for others to get interested in MacMiNT and
continue to support it if I decide to stop. The need for MacMiNT will
probably go away when other porting projects get finished, but this
could be quite a long time. I think that MacMiNT could serve as a
good platform for porting X windows and maybe Mach for the Mac because
it is similar to UNIX, where these products were originally developed.
MacMiNT developed programs avoid many of the traditional barriers to
porting UNIX code to the Mac, like segmentation and memory management.
Brad Pickering <brad@tazboy.jpl.nasa.gov>
PS - Thank you Eric Smith for writing a cool OS and making the sources
freely available.
CONTRIBUTORS
Rainer Menes <menes@statistik.tu-muenchen.de>
Fred Grey <fgrey@cardinal.ncsc.org>
Warren DeLano <warren@laplace.biology.yale.edu>
Pete Keleher <pete@cs.rice.edu>
Harry Eaton <haceaton@aplcomm.jhuapl.edu>
Blair MacIntyre <bm@cs.columbia.edu>
(please let me know if your name should be here but it isn't)